Crack Sphinx

After years in corporate information technology evaluation process, a lot of contact with reality, thinking a lot, I feel more and more well-known management expert Professor Li Weian theory put forward by the vitality of enterprises, though not made for enterprise information , but on the clear direction of development of Chinese enterprise information with guidance.

"Li energy" market, and Wu, Li-Share Comparison

If the settlement of industrial energy problems, the first stage of the idea by the market (market economists, economic theory advocated by Wu Jinglian, hereinafter referred to as "Wu markets"); the second stage relies on the idea of property rights (economist Li Yining promote stock, hereinafter referred to as "Li-Share"), a common feature of these two stages is managed solely in the relations of production to make a fuss; then Weian idea - what I call "Li energy" idea - a breakthrough, the productivity factors (information and knowledge), the introduction of "business activity" to this problem, characterized by the perspective of enterprises turning to business as organic life.

Weian that the system as a social life, business life meaning mainly in two areas: in the space, the company is Juyou 瀛樺湪 Life Structure and activity; in time where companies adhere to the Zishenguilv (Yanzhaoyanhua path) continue Yun Dong and changes in expression as a life course, closely related and business life cycle.

As pointed out Weian subtle: "knowledge economy changed the nature of corporate activity, and knowledge resources that embody the core elements of business and influence business vitality of the resource base", "the nature of business activity an important element of change, knowledge innovation and knowledge absorptive capacity as the key to business growth and regeneration. "In other words, the vitality of enterprises, from a simple reform, into a combination of reform and development issues.

If the NG market, Li shares the "relations of production-based thinking" in the background, is to question the vitality of enterprises, on the same level of productivity of historical conditions (ie, industrial) in both planning and market in different relations of production to grasp the contradictions; "Li energy" line of thinking is to question the vitality of enterprises, the level of productivity in different historical conditions (VS information on industrial productivity productivity) to grasp the next. This means that companies have no energy and national issues, therefore the rise and fall, a hundred years after the collision, the evolution of the relationship between globalization and convergence of the production process; a hundred years after the collision, it may evolve into the process of information "mechanized" enterprise "life" of business of the game. States have cracked what is "dynamic" in this business Sphinx.

Professor Li Weian problem diagnosis and prescription, and information technology from the perspective of our diagnosis and prescription, with deep consistency. Weian said: "We dominated the previous stage direction is 'big', at this stage generally stressed is 'strong', and enter the new situation requires us to promote 'thoroughgoing' is a new stage of business growth. From the organization activity point of view, 'big' is mainly the enterprise as a 'mechanical tissue', 'strong' is mainly the business as 'general system', and 'QUICKER' mainly to organic business as 'beings'. " To this end, Professor Li Weian advocate the use of "energy" (Energy dynamics, ED) as a corporate status and quality of life and reflect a measure, and the establishment of a "business vitality index" to assess the status of the index system of enterprise vitality.

We believe that the bigger and stronger, is the enterprise as a mechanical tissue; QUICKER is to business as organic (living organisms) organization. Mechanical organization of "the vitality of enterprises," and organic organizations, "the vitality of enterprises" in the relations of production (reform) is consistent point of view, but in productivity and production point of view, character is clearly the opposite. Opposite is that the more complex systems and the environment, the more uncertain the worse the mechanical organization of the response force; and more complex systems and the environment, the more uncertain, the organic organization, the stronger the contingency force. The 21st century, business is exactly the situation faced by the latter. Create complex and uncertain conditions and changes in force of strain on the opposite edge performance reasons, one based on different organizational productivity, and second, the basis of different modes of production organization.

The traditional industrial enterprises, although the relations of production through the reform radiate the sense of "business activity", but not by the "new" (information technology) transformation, can not radiate the sense of productivity and production of "the vitality of enterprises." This is the "Li energy" market, and Wu, Li shares the different problems faced.

Resilience and ability to change the core of future business activity

21st century world is complex and uncertain world, the nature of business competition will be between industrialization and game information, specific performance, but for the bigger and stronger "is dead" dinosaur bigger and stronger enterprise and then "QUICKER" game between the enterprise.

Organic from the enterprise as a "life style" (Weian language) to understand the vitality of enterprises, mainly reflecting changes in the strain and force on force. Contingency force, an enterprise of this "system" of the "environment" ability to adapt to changes, mainly to see whether the enterprise can "demand"; change in power, is the enterprise of this "system" of the "environment" changes in capacity, mainly to see ability of independent innovation company.

Two different view of the vitality of enterprises, thus reflected in the different series of inferences on:

- Mechanization and life of the demand on the different factors of production: industrial mechanical movement, to physical factors of production as the main resource, the main problem lies in the vitality of enterprises on the tangible goods and physical capital allocation; Information Life Movement, to information and knowledge as the main resource . Professor Li Weian has repeatedly pointed out: "the nature of business activity an important element of change, knowledge innovation and knowledge absorption capacity to be the key to business growth and regeneration." Also be interpreted as, independent innovation capability is the country's core competitiveness, but also enterprise survival and the key to development. In fact, the information resource as a system of "activator" for organic systems, information technology as the enterprise vitality tonic, for the enterprise "QUICKER", also plays an irreplaceable role.

- Mechanization and life on the financial value of understanding different: industrial mechanical movement, focus on the visible and short-term value; Information Life Movement, attention to intangible and long-term value. Professor Li Weian "Theory and evaluation of modern business activity" which is featured in this monograph, the vitality of enterprises, divided into viability, development and renewal of power, through the transformation of the traditional indicators of financial statements, business activities were carried out on financial analysis. Weian said: "survival sex" refers primarily to keep their body healthy, which continued to exist in normal operation, which reflects the life merely as a "living presence" of the quality and status; "growth" mainly refers to the enterprises through resource gathering , tissue expansion, etc. to achieve business expansion and development, it is the life of self-replication and proliferation capabilities embodied; and "renewable" mainly refers to the business through continuous innovation, change, and specific acquisition and integration of resources, to achieve a new leap enhance and create new business life, it reflects the self-renewal and reconstruction of life to some extent, overcome the capacity and potential of the life cycle. Embodied in the above three integrated enterprise vitality. CECA National Informatization Evaluation Center 500 Enterprise Information evaluation practice, and deeply appreciate the "business activity" in the new evaluation of the importance of the financial system, and explore the intangible elements of the assessment system used in large enterprises accounting analysis, to "develop" the performance of information technology played a significant role.

- Mechanization and life of the system to understand the rules different: the best reason of industrial mechanical movement stress the system and rules, emphasis on standardization and bureaucratic organization. Movement of importance of information life habits, cultural evolution in the system generates the role of attention to the organization's flexibility, virtualization, the enterprise as a "cumulative effect with clear knowledge of the dynamic evolution of organizations."

Information is the business bigger and stronger the only way to further enhance the vitality of enterprises. Information relative to the enterprises, to solve the problem, mainly two, one is to boost the resilience of a change in power is to boost the capacity of independent innovation in particular. The adoption of information technology to help companies become bigger and stronger, only a supporting role, it can be at a certain stage is the most important, but not all. These three aspects are indispensable. Just bigger and stronger, but the traditional industrialization; bigger and stronger and thoroughgoing together, is the new industrialization.

China wants peace and development in the 21st century, if the vitality of enterprises in not grasping the characteristics of the times, it will reproduce the evolution of 20th century East-West Game in the lesson.







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Planning red boiler out of the discrete uniform

10 years as a discrete manufacturing enterprise, red boiler from two computers, a simple CAD design started to become 16 in the financial, material and information flow all the unity of the group enterprise. Even have to make the management of change, both good protection of the interests of all employees so that everyone to maximize their effect. This is the power of information technology.
April 18, 2003, a drizzle of the morning, a pedestrian in Heilongjiang Province, we Manufacturing Information Group, led by deputy head Guo Yusen, came to the outskirts of Harbin, located in Harbin Boiler Group, red. Along the way, Guo Yusen such a recommendation to us: "red boiler is Discrete Manufacturing in Northeast typical enterprise information. "We received a red boiler Information Office Director Yang Zhi.

CAD design of a trigger

Red boiler plant group in 1954, after nearly 50 years of development, from a business development into a township and red by the Harbin Boiler Factory, Harbin heat exchanger plant, water supply equipment manufacturer Harbin, Harbin Boiler Auxiliary Manufacturing plant boiler red Hang new limited liability company, red cast iron boiler plant and other 16 subsidiaries (branch), an expert manufacturing B level Boilers and 鈪? 鈪?pressure vessel of the state designated key enterprises, is a typical discrete manufacturing companies.
Speaking of red boiler information, the earliest dating back to 1993. At that time, red boiler plant for the implementation of office automation bought two computers. But the factory will be very few people use the computer. Most of the time, bought the two platforms million "baby" are in the idle state. Occasionally, only to play typing it.
By this time, a factory near the students first entered, but these two had a great interest in the baby, and try to carry out CAD in computer graphic design, the layout plan of the factory in the past entered into the computer. The beginning, many people did not understand. Not wanted, it is precisely the red light the boiler for the first time students to recognize the power of information technology.
Red boiler information system, including sales management, resource management, treasury management, financial management, design management, production management and quality management the most. Production management system as a whole will be at the core, to sales management, financial management, design management, quality management support, integration of all aspects of treasury and corporate resources, and build a complete and unified information management system, a fundamental change in the original manual management, decentralized management model.
Time, sales and customers to negotiate business in the process, some of the customer for the product to function and appearance of the modifications, the design department and ask to surrender within five days of the revised design. This is what could be the design department stumped. Design was used in all hand drawn. Modify the drawing is actually re-painting, at least 15 six days. Five days, that is, do not eat, drink, do not sleep are not finish.
Seeing that the hand would fly list, but did not expect students who take the initiative to undertake this task next. The face of it with suspicion, quite unashamedly students: use CAD to modify a few hours to complete, where five days with the won?
Took time out of design. Order to keep up, stir up and down the whole factory. I have never thought could be so much helpful boxy computer. In the case of money not well-off, red boiler determined it into several computers, all added to the design department. Meanwhile, the gradual implementation of CAD in the design department design.
After several years of development, red boiler Group has purchased 70 sets of various types of computer, and initially established a platform for enterprise LAN. The same time, computer-aided management of the Group's financial management and use of UF's financial management software application to obtain a better result.

Situation, urging them change

However, with the company's continuous development and ongoing in-depth information, red boiler is beginning to feel, even though the departments are gradually networking system, but the exchange of information between various departments and sharing of poor, isolated form of information one by one Island, the further development of the enterprise has created a significant obstacle.
Red Group is a typical discrete boiler manufacturing enterprise, there is no business of production bottlenecks, the main bottlenecks are created in the design aspect of products by the market and customer needs of large, most of the need for personalized design and custom, therefore, can not be produced in advance. On the other hand, the market supply of the product cycle requires more and more to the production also brings a lot of pressure.
Currently, the domestic boiler manufacturers about thousands. These enterprises can be divided into three categories: the first is to provide large-scale production of boiler power plant boiler manufacturers, such enterprises are producing pressure vessels over 200 tons of boiler; second is the small industrial boiler manufacturers, Such production of boiler and pressure vessel usually 60 tons; the third category is less than 4 tons of small boilers. At present, the vast majority of boiler industry markets are concentrated in the second category, the manufacturers are mostly concentrated in this area. According to statistics, there are only a city like Harbin Boiler Works dozens. The red light on the body in which the boiler.
The face of peer pressure of competition and customer demand continues to increase, can further improve efficiency, reduce costs has become a red boiler next key to development. To this end, the leadership of red boiler Group decided to further enhance the level of corporate information to enterprise management to a new level again.

Expert support program introduced

After some investigation, red boiler with UF's final decision UFIDA ERP-U8 software. However, in the project into the investigation stage, UF to implement the consultants found that ERP software alone is difficult to cover all aspects of business management in the end it may be difficult to achieve the desired results. Responsible manner for the user, who has specially invited ten years experience in information technology Guo Yusen, as the red light UFIDA ERP-U8 project implementation supervision, for the red light of information to guide the boiler.
The current internal management of the red boiler model and information base for analysis, Guo Yusen that red light the boiler in the financial and product design already have some basic information, but each branch has its own financial management of a sets of accounts, it is difficult for a unified management; the CAD design is merely two-dimensional graphics, for the boiler that shape and structure complex products, such as graphics no longer enough; In addition, the red boiler in sales management, equipment , human resources, energy management, etc. based on poor information. To solve the need for overall planning, development of a practical, suitable for the characteristics of discrete manufacturing enterprises, multi-technology integration of the overall solution.
Experts have been red boiler in the mountains and Zhi Yang Xu, general manager, and Harbin UF's full support. And quickly set up to Guo Yusen as general counsel, and Xu in the mountains and general manager of Harbin UF project committee headed by Zhi-Yong Liu. UF also appointed Zhi Yang and Song Jian, manager of the company implementing the project and others as the overall coordination of the joint formation of a red boiler project team information.

The joint efforts of the project team members, a complete typical discrete multi-technology integrated manufacturing information system releases the functional structure diagram. Production management system as a whole will be at the core, to sales management, financial management, design management, quality management support, integration of all aspects of treasury and corporate resources, and build a complete and unified information management system, a fundamental change in the original manual management, decentralized management model.

UF set up the soft singing

As the project is a huge one, taking into account the implementation of the security and business capital investment is reasonable, Guo Yusen in the program initially proposed the "overall planning, step by step" project implementation. The first phase will focus on implementation of the UF ERP - U8 in some of the functions, which include systems management, EAI, quotation management, sales orders, shipping management, sales analysis, inventory management, purchasing management, equipment management (development) energy management (development), human resource management (development), and finance accounts receivable, accounts payable, accounting interface, cost accounting, material accounting, general ledger and other functions.
In addition, taking into account the actual situation of the design department, Guo Yusen also suggested UFIDA ERP-U8 software platform with other software companies to be on the CAD three-dimensional design from two-dimensional design to upgrade.
After some investigation, negotiation, Wuhan open project's CAD, CAPP, EDM (engineering data management software) and Beihang Haier 3D solid modeling design software, the system has been incorporated into the project construction. To form a UF ERP-U8 system-based, integration of three software products for the application of a new cooperative service model.

Information and shareholding system reform both

Just then, another red boiler is faced with the major changes in corporate governance - joint-stock reform. What first? And which later? Which is more important? What light? Xu faced with choices in the mountains. After repeated demonstration, Xu made two bold in the mountains of work in parallel, two-pronged decision. From the later results, this step not only on the right track, and, in the shareholding system reform process, new information systems also play a very important role.
Joint-stock reform, many older workers are faced with new choices, how to make proper arrangements for the dedication of a lifetime for the red hero who, at the same time be able to continue to breathe fresh blood into the most vexing business leaders do. Information did not expect to solve this problem.
In the joint-stock reform process, the statisticians of information is a very important job. Decades-old plants, nearly a thousand employees, according to the traditional methods of operation and accurate statistics in a short time out at once, with considerable difficulty. Through information technology not only increases efficiency, reduces duplication, but also to greatly improve accuracy. Meanwhile, joint-stock reform, but also for the further deepening of enterprise information foundation.
In addition, the information also for the business plan, sales, warehouse management, financial management and a series of jobs led to significant results.

90 tons of boiler orders

All along, the red light produced by the boiler boiler group is concentrated in between 10 tons to 65 tons, of which the most commonly used is 20 tons. For more than 60 tons of boiler, because of its design, production is relatively complex and often difficult to set foot in the red. But in a recent tender exercise, red boiler design department uses the latest 3D CAD software to design the product, not only quickly come up with a product design, but also free to change the angle by three-dimensional graphics, effectively solved boiler spare parts are often encountered in the design of multi-level, multi-angle caused by the difficult problem of graphics performance. This not only improves the design accuracy and success rate, but also enable customers to more intuitively understand what they need.
In the three-dimensional design software before, a lot of designers the role of three-dimensional graphic design does not understand. They think that, with his years of experience and the help of two-dimensional CAD software, it enough to complete the design. At first, three-dimensional graphics designers complete a design of each must earnestly pray that others will be two-dimensional graphics and 3D graphics control.
After several rounds of control, people began to think that three-dimensional graphic design Dique high accuracy in non-planar port junction, it can very accurately determine its size and connection status. Particularly through the three-dimensional graphic design won the first 90 tons of boiler factory orders, people began to take the initiative to find a 3D graphics designer, will own two-dimensional graphics and three-dimensional graphics mutatis mutandis, to confirm the accuracy of design.
Yang Zhi said, not without emotion: now with 3D graphic design, we have confidence in the 200-ton to 60 areas of impact of the boiler. At present, the level of the boiler is also basically a blank, if the first to occupy this market, then certainly for the future development of enterprises of great significance.

Virtual Financial Shoulong

8 large accounts
Red light under the jurisdiction of the Harbin Boiler Group 16 subsidiaries. As business needs, these subsidiaries have their own financial and statistical down there alone account for the larger 8, the account information exchange and sharing between the existence of bottlenecks, which to bring about the unified management of Group Finance great obstacles.
To solve this problem, the project team in the UF ERP-U8 software platform for the red group has set up a unified virtual financial accounts. In this unified financial account, customized for their fixed assets, salary management, report management, cost management, bills of cash, accounts receivable management, deal management, cost accounting and other functional modules. Through virtual accounts to all branches of the eight accounts into the financial management among the group. The same time, so in actual operations can be relatively independent.

Treasury changed to send receive

Treasury management has always been red boiler "persistent" problem. Because a lot of red boiler subordinate branch, every company has established its own warehouse, each warehouse, though small, is fully-equipped. Over time, the number of inventory backlog becomes very large, repeat purchases are common occurrences. Raw materials, finished goods inventory not only takes up working capital, but also seriously affect production costs.
Warehouse management is also increasing. As has long been lacking for the classification of goods management, enterprise storage monthly number of items in inventory and accounts are often inconsistent with, more importantly, slow inventory turnover, many belonging to the backlog of items.
Implementation of the UF ERP-U8 software system after all branches of the Treasury to conduct a comprehensive review, rectify. Inventory items were classified and sorted, and focus to the Factory, established a unified Treasury. Orderly management of the warehouse, goods display order is reasonable, a significant reduction in the total business inventories.
At the same time, the Group Treasury officials also made corresponding adjustments, posts and be responsible. Material Purchasing at the same time also made a change, from the original material to the warehouse led into a dedicated staff feeding posts. After the extra warehouse staff reorganization, the formation of a dedicated distribution group, according to the leading station program material is responsible for daily feeding door. In this way to not only solve the problem the fate of these employees, but also greatly increased the staff of various units, to enable them to enjoy the corresponding service.

Fruit of information

Information technology to bring the results of red boiler not stop there. According to Yang Zhi introduction of information technology staff also raised awareness of modern management. Er Ju, because information can be shared, can be achieved marketing, production planning, purchasing, quality management Dengbu Men coordination, reduce the friction between the departments, Tigao the Qiye on the market-responsiveness. Also, because the historical cost prices and more procurement management, corporate procurement costs a lot.
Use of computer management, the government departments of the report can be completed at the end. More importantly, companies can require the formation of statements, as required at any time, in time for the corporate decision-makers to provide scientific basis for decision making.
In addition, strong data collection and analysis capabilities, so that senior leaders from the original, fragmented data management access to valuable data. After the implementation of ERP, enterprise managers to control and master the ability to significantly enhance the enterprises clear about the specific operating conditions. For example you can keep abreast of program implementation, production schedule, marketing, inventory, procurement and progress. Therefore, top managers in the integration of enterprise resource mobilization process, an idea to improve the decision-making level.
On the next program, Yang Zhi said: "At present, production management and quality management information has not been achieved. Next we will work together with the Harbin UF to continue to complete the UF ERP-U8 software and other features, such as production and sales scheduling, requirements planning, rough capacity planning, bill of materials, production orders, outsourcing management, plant management, quality management, capacity management. Also, according to experts, we will again offer the last set of simulation system, which is to increase the sales price calculation capabilities to better respond to future market competition. "

Comments

Red boiler Group is a typical discrete manufacturing, can be said that its information can be seen as a successful example of discrete manufacturing industries to promote. I think the red boiler information There are several noteworthy reference:
First, the enterprise information system project is a long-term, especially for those old traditional manufacturing management is more than can be achieved overnight. Therefore, in the beginning of the implementation of information technology, must be the overall program planning. In the development of the program planning process to recruit the best experts in information technology; with their experience and knowledge to good direction for the program. Red boiler Information Group has been able to in such a short period of time, they made so many remarkable results, precisely because they are experts in the overall planning and guidance, can be targeted to work.
Moreover, the information construction, not only do local do not whole, so difficult to achieve the desired results. Of course, in practice can be used, "the overall planning, step by step" approach, gradually come to realize.
In addition, the implementation of information technology software vendors in the selection of the best technology to select those products overall, implementation experience, strong ability to develop and service reputation of good companies. This enterprise information construction and future escalation is an important protection.
Finally, select the service provider does not have to hang a tree, you can use flexible forms of cooperation and service model, as used in this case, the tripartite joint UF way, is a good model.







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Flash highlights examples of forms produced (6)

Section 6 Email Form

In this instance to make a simple Email email form, the user need only add the appropriate e-mail messages well, you can automatically tune the system default mailer program, sending and receiving e-mail program will automatically e-mail information about the content according to the form by Tim Good, form interface, shown in Figure 6.1;



Figure 6.1 Email form the main interface

1. First start Flash, create a video, set video scene size 400px * 300px (unit pixels), set the video background color is gray, the color code.

2. The main scene in the default layer renamed the Form, use the Text tool in the vertical direction at the stage to draw three text boxes, all set to input text boxes, the top text box to enter the subject of the message, so In the Properties panel to set the text variable named subject, the specific settings as shown in Figure 6.2;



Figure 6.2 Setting the theme text box

The middle of the text box to enter the greeting message, so in Properties Panel set the text variable named greeting, the specific settings in Figure 6.3 below:



Figure 6.3 Set regards to the language of the box

Bottom text box is the body of the message, and in the properties panel to set the text variable named body, as shown in the specific settings in Figure 6.4;



Figure 6.4 Set the body of the text box

3. The three text boxes set up, the current stage, as shown in Figure 6.5;



Figure 6.5 Setting the stage 3 in the text box

4. Next, the form also need to add captions to a text box to add text of the description, the specific settings as shown in Figure 6.6:



Figure 6.6 Add a reminder to form

5. Whole form is the most critical part of the Send button, and add all the contents of a good e-mail, only through this button to send a message out. So here Create a new button element, draw a simple rectangle button, and then Drag the lower right of the stage, as shown in Figure 6.7;



Figure 6.7 Add a button to send the message

6. In the layer a new layer above the Form Variables, in its first one to add the following Action;

stop ();
name = "Flashage";
email = "sjerry@163.net";
mailto = "mailto:" add name add "<" add email add ">";
Finally the Send button to add the following Action;
on (press, keyPress "") (
getURL (mailto add "? subject =" add subject add "& body =" add greeting add newline add body);
)






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Photo of Copper: FTTH Evolution of Road

Optical broadband access will become the ultimate mode of fixed broadband access, which has become the consensus of the industry. However, the optical fiber broadband access when it can become a mainstream form of broadband access? Currently can not get a clear timetable.

XDSL over copper, the bandwidth bottleneck faced

Just go to work Monday morning, city maintenance workers Lee Board received from the maintenance center to transfer to the complaint No. 10,000 single, who lives north of the city were also complaints that embittered residents of the old liberated areas, and complained that broadband Internet access faster and faster.

Recently, Lee works department where a lot of similar complaints have been received one. As the old liberated areas north of the city's lines have been some years, and the line length is 4 km, the original opening of ADSL has been some reluctance, the bandwidth only to 512K. Recent rain and urban transformation, affected by line quality, ADSL speed is decreased. In order to develop more broadband users and increase the attractiveness of broadband networks, the bureau is to promote experimental and IPTV services, the district is also within the scope of the pilot. But now would like to directly increase the rate of ADSL have been helpless.

To focus on the current central office building that model, ADSL's subscriber line is relatively long, generally more than 3Km, taking into account such issues as the quality of the actual lines, it is difficult to further increase the bandwidth of ADSL users, line rate as the development of new users and increase new business bottlenecks. In order to provide high-bandwidth tripleplay value-added services, broadband speed is the choice of operators to be. For the DSL line, the one of the most important feature is the closer the higher the bandwidth can be provided. Therefore, in order to meet the high bandwidth to carry out tripleplay business needs, we must make broadband access equipment (DSLAM) is shifted from the central office Zhubu closer to users in the region, which became the persistence of DSL access mode the only option.

Light has become an inevitable choice of Copper

To shorten the distance between copper, fiber optic can only be extended further to the user side, the process of promoting the construction of FTTx. According to the engineering model of copper wire PSTN, a user section of copper wire into trunk, feeder section, sub-segments, household segment. In the broadband access equipment to achieve the user from the central office down the process of the bandwidth speed is broadband access equipment from the trunk section of the feeder segment, sub-segment and-home segment of the migration process is to gradually close to the user optical access, light into the Copper refund process.

Currently, FTTx construction mode FTTC (Fibretothecurb), FTTB (Fibretothebuilding) and FTTH (Fibretothehome). In the FTTC, FTTB mode, the final-home technology, including ADSL, ADSL2 +, VDSL, VDSL2, and LAN. According to the distance optical fiber to the user, each user's bandwidth requirements, as well as the existing Line Resource for operation and maintenance costs of different considerations, 闇? choose the right of the optical fiber technology and-home technology, to deploy the appropriate fiber-optic broadband access Wangluo.

So remote broadband access equipment to disappear gradually down along the course, is the fiber-optic broadband access from the start to the evolution of the mainstream. According to the current status of broadband access, carrier deployment pipeline, combined with the bandwidth speed of the process, you can find a suitable building mode optical fiber broadband access.

For different construction mode, you need the number of users under the node, the user bandwidth, pipeline resources, equipment, construction costs, operation and maintenance costs will be different, use of P2P and P2MP PON-based fiber optic technology, as well as the appropriate DSL and Ethernet households line technology. The so-called "right is the best." Let's look at each of Copper-ray patterns of the four main scenarios.

Photo of Copper 4 Steps

FTTC + xDSL mode

FTTC + xDSL broadband access equipment model is the first step down that migrate from the trunk section of feeder segment. Broadband access equipment in the feeder section of the traditional copper distribution frame location, usually in the street or residential room. Feeder section of the twisted pair from the MDF to the user is generally less than 2Km, according to the different user density, coverage is generally the number of users is about 100 ~ 500.

FTTC + xDSL mode is characterized by the number of low demand of optical fiber, optical cable deployment is easy, full use of the sub-existing copper line Zi Yuan, the entire building model and the central office equipment, broadband access methods are very similar, project implementation is also relatively simple at the same time to meet the basic tripleplay business needs.

FTTC + xDSL mode is particularly suitable for relatively good quality copper wire, the user bandwidth requirements are not too high, operators, construction costs are low, not high maintenance costs, and achieved a good balance. This is also the traditional operators to provide higher bandwidth broadband access to the mainstream building model.

FTTB + xDSL mode

FTTB + xDSL broadband access equipment model is the second step down, move to sub-paragraph from the feeder line. Broadband access equipment in the traditional copper sub-segments of the sub-junction box location, usually in the building side or multi-user centralized office. To the user's distance from the building can be divided into two situations: First, less than 1000m, covering the number of users is about 50 ~ 200; one less than 500m, covering the number of users around the 20-100.

The case for less than 1000m, you can access using ADSL2 + technology to take full advantage of the characteristics of ADSL2 +, the highest bandwidth of about 25M. The situation is less than 500m, you can access using VDSL2 technology to take full advantage of the characteristics of VDSL2, the highest bandwidth of 50M ~ 100M.

Building in the FTTB + xDSL mode, which uplink optical fiber access technology used and what kind of xDSL access technologies, requires from the user area density, the number of users per node, the maximum guaranteed bandwidth of each user, each user's maximum bandwidth to integrated planning. When the number of users per node, the less the bandwidth of each user to ensure the smaller, more focused on the node, using P2MP fiber optic technology the higher the value, otherwise use P2P fiber optic technology is better. When the user wants to get the maximum bandwidth of greater than 25M, it was much closer, VDSL2 access technology is more appropriate; when the user wants to access the bandwidth is not greater than 25M, using ADSL2 + technology is the most cost-effective.

FTTB + xDSL mode is evolution to FTTH most complex model, copper layout of the user is closely related to the actual situation must be taken into account. If the access module is too small, the sharp increase in the total number of nodes, management and maintenance to bring a very big problem; if the access module is too large may cause the user line is too long, can not provide sufficiently high bandwidth, can not meet the new business needs. Therefore, operators need to OPEX and operational capacity to do balancing selection, equipment providers need to lower OPEX's FTTB solutions together to achieve the smooth evolution to FTTH.

FTTB + LAN Model

FTTB + LAN Ethernet access building mode is actually the construction of models. Relative to the FTTB + xDSL building model, and its greatest feature is the ability to offer symmetrical broadband access for business customers and large upstream bandwidth requirements of individual users.

FTTB + LAN model can provide users with broadband access 100M or GE, the number of users by adjusting the node and PON in the splitting ratio, and can flexibly provide users with the appropriate assurance of broadband, both to provide users with a traditional tripleplay business, but also can provide enough bandwidth to meet the needs of P2P and other new business. However, this model will be FTTB + VDSL2 serious challenges, especially mature VDSL2 applications, due to the VDSL2 bandwidth and flexibility of distance, LAN access may be replaced by VDSL access.

FTTH model

Optical fiber to the home or office is the ultimate mode fiber access is to provide a variety of high bandwidth broadband users an ideal way of value-added services.

P2P and P2MP FTTH are two ways. When the user rather scattered, each user needs to ensure broadband relatively large, such as the 100M or so, you can use P2P fiber access technology. P2P approach to meet high-value customers with high bandwidth requirements, and can provide adequate security, high bandwidth, high-value commercial customers an ideal choice.

Because of the almost unlimited ability to support operations and maintenance costs low ODN, FTTH construction mode as operators most looking forward to building models. But now direct the deployment of FTTH, there are still many problems. First of all, PON-based broadband access equipment is still the pilot phase, there is no scale deployment capabilities, limited the size of FTTH promotion. Followed by the deployment of fiber-optic project, particularly project-home section of fiber deployment and labor costs has seriously affected the implementation of FTTH. Only when the FTTH optical access equipment, technology and engineering technology is breakthrough, FTTH for CAPEX decreased to levels comparable with DSL, FTTH broadband access can become a mainstream construction mode.

Still a gradual withdrawal of light into the copper

According to consulting firm Infonetics survey, FTTC, FTTB is the operator of the mainstream choices, only some of the operators in the new regional select FTTH. NTT FTTH promotion as the most active operator, is still in its construction plan, 30% of users use FTTB + VDSL2 construction methods.

Considering technical, CAPEX, OPEX and operational capacity at the request of new residential and new-home building and other green areas without copper, when the user demand for higher bandwidth, wish to adopt more business, recommend optical fiber directly into the The one-step approach to achieve the ultimate broadband access mode - fiber to the home. In other cases, are used FTTB + xDSL mode. In the subscriber line is less than 500m, the use of VDSL2 technology to the highest users of bandwidth to meet future business needs. If using ADSL2 + technology. The highest bandwidth at the same time, reducing CAPEX, to achieve the most cost-effective program. This model will not only be able to meet the tripleplay business needs, but also expand to meet future bandwidth demands, while taking advantage of the stock of copper resources, to obtain the optimal input-output ratio.






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